Question: What causes the white layer (compound layer) to form during the plasma-nitride process? Answer: The white layer formation is a function of: Process gas ratios Processed steel chemistry If

What are the methods available for the deposition of a thin-film hard coating for such surface coatings as titanium nitride, titanium carbonitride and titanium aluminum nitride?

Question: We nitride AISI 4140 steel (bar stock) using the gas nitriding process, and we are experiencing problems of the nitride case exfoliating (peeling off). What is causing this?

Heat treatment is necessary in order to manipulate the mechanical strength and metallurgy of the steel. The manipulation of the steel’s physical characteristics is necessary for prior machining and for the successful performance of the finish-machined component.

We heat treat a great deal of AISI 4140 for harden and temper. Our austenitize temperature is 1570

People have been aware of and worked iron for approximately 4,000 years. However, its usage only became recognized around 1200 BC. This is because it was extremely difficult to smelt, melt, cast or forge because of temperature required.

The composition of the furnace atmosphere created by an endothermic generator is as follows: CO ~ 20%, CO2 ~ 1.0%, Hydrogen ~ 40%, Nitrogen ~ 35% and 4% methane.

The reason for the metallurgical heat-treatment process of stress relieving is primarily to remove residual, induced stresses from the steel. These stresses will occur as a result of rolling, forging, machining, welding, etc.