The determination of copyright damages is uniform more throughout the United States than the determination of trade-secret damages because substantive copyright law is federal law exclusively.

We continue to review some of the most important materials in heat treatment and metallurgy.

Please note, first of all, that the aluminum-oxide layer on the surface of the aluminum is very thin – only about 40-angstroms thick! That’s VERY thin, since an angstrom is only about one ten-billionth of a meter thick.

This is a continuation of part 3, which can be found here.

We continue to review some of the most important materials in heat treatment and metallurgy.

Aluminum brazing is a growing industry around the world today, and I teach a lot about this topic in each of my brazing training seminars.

This is a continuation of part 3, which can be found here.

This is a continuation of part 2, which can be found here.

We continue to review some of the most important materials in heat treatment and metallurgy. 

If the steel part has been surface treated by the following, one cannot always grind into the finished surface to prepare for hardness testing.