The overall furnace design and volume determines the required throughput of the pumping system and the ultimate vacuum expected.

For anyone involved in industrial heating, a critical need of any heat-treatment process is the ability to measure and control both process and product temperature.

At this time last year, we saw a natural gas market emerge from the winter demand season in a volatile state.

An induction process consists of an induction power supply that passes a high-frequency alternating current (AC) through an inductor.

Gears perform the critical functions of transmitting power or carrying motion in mechanical assemblies.

Metal additive manufacturing or metal 3D printing are terms that everyone in the metal-processing industry is seeking to understand. The “what” and the “how” are becoming clearer every day.

Many factors come into play during the vacuum sintering process, from the size and materials used in the furnace hot zone to whether debinding and sintering processes are combined in a single unit.

Every manufacturing (or heat treat) plant has raw materials that come into the receiving dock and finished products that are sent out from the shipping dock. Between the receiving and shipping docks, transformation occurs. Transformation adds value to the materials in a step-by-step process, and energy is required. Evaluating the process transformation steps and energy inputs provides clues about where to look for energy savings.

It is widely known that graphite is used in the automobile and steel industries. Besides the classical markets, there are new and ever-growing markets, such as lithium-ion batteries, being driven by the megatrends of digitalization and the Internet of Things. Of global graphite production, 70% is being accumulated by China.

Air pollution is a hot topic globally and shows no signs of abating. According to EURACTIV, some 40 million people in the 115 largest cities of the EU are exposed to pollution exceeding World Health Organization (WHO) air quality guideline values (for at least one pollutant).